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中学题库|中考阅读理解实战演练之科学小品篇-2

来源:www.rsssln.com 2024-09-17
Section III 科普小品篇答案与分析
Passage 23本文介绍了科学家对阿斯匹林的研究成就。实验表明,阿斯匹林可以预防或削弱老年人患心脏病的危险,但实质的成效和服用者的饮食有肯定的关系。研究职员说,服用可药品要遵医嘱。
1. D。短文首段的末句sharply reduce the chance that a healthy, older man will suffer from a heart attack.即是本题答案的出处.
2.D。注意reduce the chance that a healthy, older man will suffer from a heart attack .本句中的healthy, older这两个词,即可得出答案。
3.A。文章最后一段是说,尽管的这种新作用与功效对患者非常有帮助,但病人在用时需要格外小心,必须要严遵医嘱。
4. B。依据239 men who did not take aspirin1 suffered from heart attacks. Twenty-six of them died.一句中的239和26这两个数字即可算出。
Passage 24这篇科普说明文通过一个浅易的小实验,证实了人的双眼里有一个盲点。当外面物体的影像落在盲点上时,人就看不见该物体了。
1.A。仔细品读文章首句的意思,可知答案只能是A。
2.C。But if you move the card nearer to your face, the letter will be seen again,由这几个句子的意思可知字母L在双眼中消失了。注意消失和消散有什么区别。
3.B。答案在When the image of the letter falls on the blind spot, it wont be seen.中。
4.D。依据第二段的意思可知,此实验的顺序是:先制作一张卡片在上面写上两个字母拿起卡片闭上右眼看到字母R让卡片离双眼再近些。故答案是D。
5.D。通篇考虑短文,可知D为最好答案。这由文首一句及It is because there is a blind spot on the eye.也可得出。
Passage 25这篇短文告诉大家的是:天气的冷热干湿对人体健康有非常大的影响。譬如心脏病高发区所在地总是是严寒或酷热。大风或炎热天气里,人的IQ会减少。瘦人怕冷天,而炎热夏天对胖人又不利。除此之外,低充气压力还能致使健忘。
1.A。依据文章第二自然段的描述可知,冷湿天气对人的健康是有害的。
2.C。第三段的首句The weather can also influence intelligence说的就是这个意思。
3.A。本题属表层理解题。答案就在Low air pressure may make people forgetful2.中。
4.D。由People feel best at a temperature of about 18 centigrade3.一句可知。
5.B。依据文章最后的Are you feeling sad, tired, forgetful, or unhappy today? It may be the
weathers problem.这一句,大家可以推断出作者的写作意图。
Passage 26这篇阅读材料向大家介绍了气象卫星在预报天气中所发挥的要紧用途。现在,很多国家的气象站都是在接收到卫星云图后,由气象学家进行研究剖析,然后预报天气的。在卫星的帮忙下,大家可以预测将来三五天或更长期内的天气情况。
1.A。本题属表层理解题。短文首句即是答案之所在。
2.D。From the pictures,the scientists can often say how the weather will change.是该小题答案的出处。
3.D。答案就在the meteorologists compare them with earlier ones. Perhaps they may find that the clouds have changed during the last few hours. This may mean that the weather on the ground may soon change, too.中。
4.D。文章结尾的Soon, perhaps, they may be able to forecast the weather for a week or more ahead.这句即是答案之所在。
5.C。短文首句即点明了主旨。
Passage 27这篇短文分为三个落:第一段列举了科学家研究了大家天天要吃的食物;第二段讲述了不同国家的大家饮食习惯和饮食结构等各方面有非常大差异。但这类对人来讲都没不是非常重要的,要紧的是天天吃那些。第三段讲解了两个问题:怎么办世界人口的吃饭问题,既要吃饱,又要吃得健康。
1.A。本题属表层理解题。由第一段科学家建议七大类食品可知答案非A莫属。
2.D。由The important thing is what you eat every day.及第一段的内容可知D是正确答案。而依据第二段可知A、B、C皆为错误的。
3.D。第二段开头的People in different countries and different places of the world eat different kinds of things. Foods are cooked and eaten in many different kinds of ways.这两句是解答本题的重点。
4.C。依据第三段所讲的内容,C项显然是不对的。
5. B。A、C和D都是在上文刚刚谈论过的,又依据第三段There are two problems, then, in feeding the large number of people on the earth.所提的两个问题,可以推知下文可能要谈论
怎么办这两个问题。故答案为B。
Passage 28该短文的大意是:百分之十五的人习惯于用左手进行工作。这是由于大脑的工作方法导致的。人的两个大脑半球大小相差无几,但各有分工。左半球掌管语言、数学和逻辑等;右半球则控制艺术、颜色和音乐等。惯用左手的人,他们的大脑左半球相比右脑更发达些。不过这更不是绝对的。
1.A。本小题有肯定的困难程度,但考虑到短文首句的后的They are all left-handed一句还是可以推断出来正确答案的。
2.C。The answer is the way the brain works4.,本句是解答该题的重点。
3.B。第三段是本题答案之所在。
4. D。唱歌是艺术类,依据The right side of the brain controls your love of art, colors and
music.这句话,显然可知答案为D。
Passage 29这篇科学说明文浅显的文字,介绍了微波炉的架构并详细讲述了它的操作用法。
1.It tells us how to use a new microwave oven5。由文首的Before you use your new microwave oven, read the instructions carefully,可以得到本文的主旨是讲述微波炉怎么使用。2.Defrost, cook or warm food。短文末句的 Under the time are the different functions .You can press Defrost, Cook, Clock, or Power. You can also warm food by pressing Reheat Times.这句话是答案的出处。
3.First, press the number 2, 3, and 0. Then press Power. Next press the number 7. Finally press Start to begin cooking. 由短文中的Suppose you want to cook a serving of broccoli6 for two minutes and forty-five seconds on MEDIUM power . First, press the numbers 2, 4 and 5 . Then press Power. Next, press the number 5.可以了解如果是需要两分钟四十秒的时间来做菜的话,则是如此来操作。由此可知如果做豆角的话,需要用时两分钟三十秒,则应按2,3,0这三个钮。再依据前面的说明,可不难找到答案。
4. Start. 由Under the numbers are and Clear.和At last, press Start to begin cooking.可知这是答案的出处。
5.It will clear the display and allow you to start over again. 这是文章最后讲的一层意思,答案即在If you make a mistake, press Clear. This will clear the display and allow you to start over again.一句中。
Passage 30睡觉要占去人一生三分之一左右的时间。人为何要睡觉?这个问题一直使大家,包含科学家在内,都困惑不解。本文向读者介绍了不同年龄层次的大家,睡眠的需要也不尽相同。
1.C.A、B两个答案是睡眠的结果而不是致使大家思维不清的重要原因,故不可以选,D也不可以说明缘由。由第二段大家了解,睡眠不足是引起大家思维混乱的根本缘由。
2.B.短文的第二段有交待:60%以上的成年人大约睡7-8小时。
3.D.判断大家是不是得到足够的睡眠不是依据睡眠时间的长短而是大家是不是精神焕发地去从事一天的工作与学习。
4.A.14岁的孩子是early teenage7. 他们的睡眠时间与成年人相同。故答案为A。
Passage 31
这篇小品文的意思是:有不少人期望死后被送进冷藏库,将尸体保存在零下320度的液态氮中。等以后医疗条件允许,可以治愈时,再解冻,同意治疗,就能死回生了。尽管科学家们对此想法表示怀疑,仍有一千多人计划同意低温处置。
1.In the freezer. 答案就在But most people want to go into the freezer.这句话中。但应该注意most一词方能正确解答。
2.They hope that they can come back to life one day. When a cure is found, warm up his or her body,bring it back to life and take the cure.是答卷的依据。
3.They usually keep it in liquid nitrogen8 at a temperature of 328 degrees below zero. 显然,答案源于once the body is frozen9, it is kept in liquid nitrogenat a temperature of 328 degrees below zero.这句话中。
4.Around 1000 people. 本题属表层理解题。由Now around a thousand people are going to take cryogenic treatment,though most scientists say it won't work.可知,
5.No,he can't. Because every one of his cells10 will be broken. it won't work. If we freeze huge creatureslike humans, every one of their cellswill be broken.是答案的出处。


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