英语学习技巧总论

第1部分 整体建议
1. Wed better develop our interest in English at the beginning of our study. To develop interest in English study is not very hard. We may have the feeling of satisfaction and achievement from our English study when we are able to say something simple in English, talk with others or foreigners in English and act as others interpreters.
在英语学习之初,大家应该重视培养对英语学习的兴趣.培养对英语的兴趣并不难.当大家可以说点儿简单的英语,用英语与其他人或与老外交谈,或作其他人的翻译时,大家就能从英语学习中得到满足感和收获感,如此,兴趣就培养起来了.请注意,这种满足感和收获感非常重要!
2. Plans are always very essential, so we must make some elaborate and workable plans before study. And we should certainly carry out these plans to the letter.
拟定英语学习计划太要紧了,所以大家需要在学习前拟定精细的和可操作的计划. 并且大家必须要严格实行这类计划.请注意:千万不要干没计划的傻事,那等于在浪费生命.
3. Notes should be made whenever we study any book. We may follow this advice: Dont read book without making notes. As we know that notes are the summarization, the core content, our understanding and the abbreviations of the books. Our notes are much thinner than the books so that we can learn them by heart easier and can often review and read them. We may also record our notes on tapes so as to often listen to them easier, to deepen our impression and to lighten our burden of memory. Sometimes it is needful to draw some tables and illustrations that are very impressive, visual and concise.
无论学习什么,大家都要作笔记.大家可以参照下面的忠告:不作笔记就不要念书.如你所知,笔记是大家对所学课本的概要,中心内容,大家的理解和课本的缩略.笔记要比课本薄的多,大家可以较容易的记忆和常常复习他们.更胜一畴的做法是把笔记录成音,如此大家可以常常听一听来加深印象和减轻记忆负担.
4. Watching English movies, English TV programs, listening to English songs and learn English on some special occasions are also excellent and vivid English learning ways as we may combine English with some certain scenes to deepen our memory.
看英文电影,收看英语电视节目,听英文歌曲和在某些特定场景学英语也是非常棒和非常生动的英语学习技巧,由于如此大家可以把所学习英语与某些特定的场景联系起来以加深记忆.
5. Never just memorize single English words. Learn by heart the whole sentences and the phrases that contain the new words so we may know how to use the words.
请勿孤立地背英语单词.请背记包括生词的句子或词组,如此大家才真的能运用这类词语,而且印象更深.
6. If time permits, we may read Mini Chinese-English dictionary carefully from cover to cover, which may help us widen our sight and master knowledge in all aspects.
假如时间允许,通读小小汉英字典对于英语学习也帮助非常大.他能帮助大家扩大视线并全方位地学会所学常识.
7. Excellent personality is one of the decisive factors in English study. Persistence, patience, self-confidence and determination are badly needed.
出色的性格特点也是英语学习的重要原因之一,坚持,忍耐,自信和坚定都是非常重要的.当然假如兴趣培养得好, 可适合削弱这方面的需要.
　
Part 2 Detailed methods
1. Oral English:
A. We study spoken English so as to make oral communications, so this order of importance of oral English study should be followed: Fluency, Accuracy, and Appropriateness. That is to say, we have to pay more attention to practical communicating ability instead of only laying emphasis on the grammatical correctness.
大家学习口语目的是为了与其他人进行交流,所以英语口语中的几个要点的要紧次序应为:流利-准确-适合.
B. Try to find some partners practicing oral English together and English corner is a good place as where we may exchange English study experience, widen our sight and improve interest in English.
努力探寻学伴一块训练口语.英语角是个很好的地方,在那大家不但可以训练口语,还可以交流英语学习心得,发展视线,提升英语学习兴趣.
C. If English partners are not easy to get, then we have to create an English environment ourselves by speaking English to ourselves.
假如找不到学伴或参加英语角的机会极少,那样就需要通过自己对自己将英语来创造英语环境.譬如对自己描述所看到的景物,英语讲述自己正在作的事情.
D. This method is very effective and easy to insist on--interpreting Chinese-English novels or books. First we read the Chinese parts and then try to interpret them into English and then compare our interpretation with the original versions in the novels or books so that we can find out the mistakes, shortcomings and progresses in our interpretation.
这种办法很有效且比较容易坚持---口译汉英对照的小说或其它读物.第一大家先读汉语部分,然后逐句直接口译成英文,完成一小段后,去看书上的对应英文部分并与大家的口译进行比较,大家立刻可以发现大家口译的错误,缺点和进步.
请注意:开始要选择较简单的读物.
如此作有哪些好处:
1. 自己就能训练口语,想练多长时间,就练多长时间.
2. 一直有一位高级教师指出你的不足和错误---英文原文.
3. 题材范围极广,可以突破大家我们的思维禁锢,譬如大家一直喜欢谈论大家自己熟知的话题,所以大家一直在训练相同的语言,进步当然就缓慢了.
4. 选择小说,幽默故事或好的短文阅读,使大家有足够的兴趣坚持下去.
5. 有一些大家在直接学英语课文时被大家视而不见的地道的英语使用方法会被此法挖掘出来.
6. 对所学常识和所犯了错误误印象深刻.这等于大家一直在作汉译英训练,不少英文译文是大家花尽心思憋出来的,所以印象相当深刻.比直接学习英文课文印象要深的多.
E. Interpreting what you hear---Changing Roles: Three people make a group: one speaks Chinese, one speaks English acting as the foreigner, one acts as interpreter. Then change roles. This is a good interpreting training method and is good for studying from one another. In addition, it may improve the responding ability and speed of students. The advanced stage of this method is simultaneous interpretation.
听译法-角色互换:三人一组,模拟翻译实战.一人将汉语,一人将英语,饰演老外,一人作翻译.训练一段时间后互换角色.这是一种很好的翻译练习办法,也是非常不错的相互学习,取长补短的办法.而且可大大提升反应速度和能力.此法的高级阶段为同声传译,大家可以在听广播或看电视或开会时,把所听内容口译英文.
F. Oral composition and 3-minute training method: This method is suitable for intense training. Making an oral composition about a certain TOPic for one minute the first time and record the composition on tape at the same time. Then listen to the composition and find out the room for improvement. Then make the same composition for two minutes for the second time and also record it. And at last repeat the above-mentioned for three minutes.
口语作文和3分钟练习法:此法适用于强化练习.找好一个题目作一分钟的口语作文,同时将它录音.听录音,找出不足和错误,就此题目再作两分钟的的口语作文,同样录音,再听并找出不足与进步,继续作三分钟口语作文.这是高级口语练习,成效不俗.
G. Retelling exercise: Retell some articles or English stories in our own words.
复述训练:用我们的话口语复述大家所听的英语故事或文章.
H. If possible, we may read some English tongue twisters loudly and quickly with one or two cakes of candy in our mouth to train our oral cavity muscle and tongues suitable for English pronunciation.
假如可能大家也可以大声且迅速朗读英文绕口令,还可以同时口中含块糖以加强强化练习的力度.如此来强大家的口腔肌肉飞速适应英文发音,使大家的口语相当流利,明确,而且还有自信.比如:
☆A big black bug bit the back of a big black bear. The big black bear bit back the big black bug.
☆This fish has a thin fin; That fish has a fat fin;
This fish is a fish that has a thinner fin than that fish.
I. Paying more attention to phrases and small words as one major shortcoming of Chinese English is that Chinese students tend to use big words in their oral language, but the idiomatic oral English is abundant with short, active and vivid phrases. And most of such phrases are made of small words.
特别注意短语和小词的运用,中国式的英语特别是口语一个非常大的缺点就是中国学生喜欢用大词,而真的地道的英语口语确是充满着短小,活泼,生动的短语,富有生气.而这类短语大多数有小词构成.
J. Oral English has its own features, but it is closely combined with other aspects of English, for example, writing may make oral English precise and accurate.
口语随自有特点,但与英语的其它方面紧密相连.譬如,常常训练写作,可是口语精密,准确.
2. Listening comprehension:
A. We may improve our aural ability by speaking English in the native and idiomatic way. The pronunciation, intonation and sentence structure should not be in Chinese style.
可以通过讲地道的口语来提升听力.发音,语调和句子结构请勿中国化.既然能讲出,当然能听懂.当然如此作有点难.
B. Keeping a relaxed, natural and steady mood when listening to some materials. Namely, to establish self-confidence and to develop excellent psychological quality are essential in the improvement of aural ability.
在作听力训练时,力求维持放松,自然和稳定的心态.即打造自信心和培养好的心理素质在听力提升中致关要紧.
C. We may make some simple notes while listening, for examples, the names of people and places, time, age, distance, occupation, figures and so on to get a better understanding of the content.
在作听力训练时,大家可以作些简单的笔记,比如人名,地名,时间,年龄,职业,数字等以便更好地理解材料.当然还要以听为主.
D. Catching the drift of the content instead of understanding every word and never waste too much time on single words.
作听力训练要重材料大意, 而不要力求听懂每一个词,不要在单个词上浪费太多时间.
E. Pay close attention to ConCESSION and TRANSITION so as to correctly understand the attitudes of the speakers. The following words are most important: even though, even so, in spite of, unless, although, no matter, however, whatever, no, nor, neither…nor, but….
密切注意听力材料中的让步与转折以便正确把握说话人的态度.特别关注这类词: even though, even so, in spite of, unless, although, no matter, however, whatever, no, nor, neither…nor, but….
F. If we may learn by heart new words by listening some word tapes, the results must be satisfactory.
在背记生词时,假如能听词语磁带,那样对听力提升也非常有好处.
3.Reading skills:
a. Intensive Reading: When we read the intensive articles, we should make notes of the new words and phrases and good sentences. After reading them, we may ask ourselves some questions about them by using such words: Who, What, Why, When and Where. Then try to answer them in our own words.
精读:在精读课文时,大家要把生词,词组,句型做成笔记.读后要试着用这类疑问词提问自己:哪个,什么,何时,何地且努力用我们的话来回答.
b. Extensive reading: We must train our ability to scan, skip and read fast. Namely, the ability to catch the key words, the TOPic sentences and the drift of the articles.
泛读:要培养浏览,跳读和快读的能力.即抓住关键字,主题句和中心大意的能力.
c. Reading speed: Three ways to improve our reading speed: 1) Reading the articles from the beginning to the end without intervals so to catch the rough idea of the articles on the whole. Never waste too much time on some new words and single sentences. 2）We may keep time when reading articles.3) When reading articles, we can point at the words with our finger or pen point and our eyes move with the finger quickly so that we are able to read very fast.
阅读速度:三种办法提升大家的阅读速度:1.先从头至尾不间断地通读课文以抓住课文大意.不要在单个词或单句上浪费太多时间.2. 阅读时计时.3.阅读时用手指或笔尖指向文章字句并迅速移动来迫使大家的双眼迅速随手指或笔尖移动来强化大家的阅读速度.
d. Newspaper as good reading materials can widen our sight and richen our knowledge.
多读报,多受益:开阔视线,丰富常识,学习时尚词汇和英语最新进步.
4.Writing skills.
a. We have to accumulate abundant materials before we write something, say, learning by heart crowds of articles.
写作需要有不少素材,积累素材非常重要.要多背课文.
b. Try to express one meaning in various ways.
努力用多种方法表达一种意思.
c. Keeping English diary if possible.
写英语日记.
a) Prepare some new words, expressions and good sentences to be used before writing something.
在写作前筹备一些要用的好词语,好句子.
b) We may also make some English pen pals to establish English communication relationship through some media like newspaper and magazines.
结交英语笔友,写英文信.这种办法容易坚持,还非常有意思.不仿一试,好处多多.