雅思写作中运用不同语法结构是非常重要的，不少烤鸭仿佛自动把“写作”和“大作文”划上了等号。其实不然，在小作文的评分标准中，同样也有语法的维度。小作文的复杂句式该如何下笔去写呢?今天大家就一块儿学习学习吧!
雅思小作文评分标准
5分：仅能用有限的语法结构→句式重复较多
6分：综合用简单句式与复杂句式→可以用一些简单句+复杂句
7分：运用各种复杂的语法结构→灵活用，而不是一味用最长、最难的句式
从评分标准里大家可以看出，想要得到6分及以上的评价，就得刻意去用更多复杂的句型。
简单来讲，简单句就是只有一套主谓的句子，譬如：
John wanted a decent IELTS band score.
而复杂句型就包含从句、倒装、被动等各种句式，其实考官期待看到的复杂句型，和大家作为学习者理解的复杂句型，会有所出入。
01
连词
2008 pass rates in Business, Science and Maths and Engineering were considerably lower in 2008 than in 2012, so the greastest level of improvement took place in these disciplines.
这种句式是借助连词将两个句子连接在一块，一般连词的使用方法没什么限制，应该注意的就是依据用场景：
■ 表缘由结果，连接宏观的规律和微观数据
■ 表转折让步，进行正反信息的对比
■ 表单纯并列，罗列若干相同种类信息
其它的连词还有and、or、although、because、while、whereas等，通过连词组成复杂句式是很容易的方法，再举几个例子：
■ In contrast, the amount in Poland was 10 million initially, and then is increased slightly to 11 million before decreasing almost back to the figure in 1980, at 9.9 million.
■ Lamb and chicken were eaten in similar quantities , while much less fish was consumed .
02
介词
At just over 80% in 2012 and 70% in 2018, averagepass rates among Computer Science students were by far the highest.
这种是用了介词，使得句子只用了一套主谓结构的同时，保留了两个信息点。其它推荐用的介词还有in/on/from...to.../between/by/until/with/for/at等。
再感受一下其使用方法：
■ The percentage change between the two years was clearly the most marked for those studying Business，from a modest 20% in 2008 to a considerably higher level in 2012.
■ In 1979, beef was the most popular of these food, with about 225 grams per person per week.
03
定语从句
2008 pass rates in Business, Science, and Maths and Engineering were considerably lower in 2008 than in 2012, which means that the greatest level of improvement took place in these disciplines.
对，这就是同学们都爱用的定语从句，也是非常不错的组成复杂句的方法之1、
■ People in Turkey spent on food, drinks and tobacco with the largest percentage, which was 32.14%.
■ In 2009, personal needs and unexpected problems were each cited by around 10% of people, both of which grew to around 20% ten years later.
04
宾语从句
The chart provides information about how many employees were away from work in three different years and the reasons given.
这个句型叫宾语从句，容易见到于小作文的开头段，一般在对题目进行改写时用，其它的替换表达还有：The diagram/table/figure/illustration/graph + indicates/represents/shows/outlines...
譬如：
■ The pie charts compare the distribution of water usage for different purposes among local residents during the period from 1988 to 2008.
■ The bar charts illustrates changes in the electricity rates in four states in Australia.
05
形式主语从句
It is noticeable that for both types of household with children, a higher than average proportion were living in poverty at this time.
这种句型叫形式主语从句，可以用来描述一些细节信息或者比较明显的特点，
同学们还可以写：It is obvious that.../It is interesting to note that... 等
■ It is also interesting to note that almost all showed a decrease in 1994 in amount of goods transported except for the pipeline, which actually peaked in that year.
06
There be句型
There is a sharp rise in the next hour to reach its maximum before collapsing again to a lower level by the end of the day.
用There be句型很合适用来描写小作文中的客观数据，表示“有”或者“存在”的意思。
其它的例子还有：
■ There were no figures given for male part-time workers, but female part-time had forty hours of leisure time, only slightly more than women in full-time employment, perhaps reflecting their work in the home.
07
被动句
By 2005, the time needed to produce a car had descended to just 21 hours.
被动句也是小作文中非常常用、且较易上手的复杂句式之一，当描述对象是物体或步骤时常常用到，举几个例子：
■ Meanwhile, timber was the most popular product in 1980 but two decades later paper was produced more than the others.
■ By creating an enclosed environment, the lid on the TOP must be closed so there would be no smoke letting out.
08
倒装句
After entering the venue, customers could see a cash desk on the right and in front of them were several round tables arranged in a circle.
倒装句也是合适用的复杂句式之一，常用在地图题当中，譬如：
■ In the southeast and west part were many shops opened along new roads on both sides.
■ In the west was a river running from north to south.
建议同学们假如想在考场上用倒装句，私下训练时必须要确保句子的结构是正确的。
复杂句真的没大伙想得那样难，但也不可以掉以轻心，犯下过多的错误，所以建议同学们可以仿照在上面列出的句子，进行适量的改写训练，看自己比较善于什么，在考场上发挥它们的优势哦!还想知道什么英语内容，可以来关注大家。
特别提醒：假如你对英语学习有兴趣，想要深入学习，好了解沪江网校精品课程，量身打造高效好用的个性化学习策略，专用督导全程伴学，扫一扫领200畅学卡。
