很多同学在学英语时都感觉语法困难，想要提高成绩，打好语法基础必不可少！新东方在线整理2025年6月英语四级语法：情态动词使用方法，供各位考生参考。
2025年6月英语四级语法：情态动词使用方法
情态动词虽然数目不多，但作用与功效广泛，主要有下列：can , may , must, need, ought to, dare , shall , will 。
由于情态动词带有某种的情绪性，譬如dare就非常强硬，比较负面，而may就比较的和善，为了防止在谈话时把“讨论”变成“攻击”。
分类
情态动词有四类：
①只做情态动词：
must,can,may,ought to
②可做情态动词又可做实义动词：
need,dare
③可做情态动词又可做助动词：
shall,will
④具备情态动词特点：
have to,used to
地方
情态动词在句中放在谓语动词之前, 谓语动词前若有助动词,则在助动词之前,疑问句中，情态动词则在主语之前。
I can see you. Come here.
我能看见你，过来吧。
He must have been away.
他肯定走了。
What can I do for you?
我能助你吗?
How dare you treat us like that!
你怎能那样对待大家!
特征
情态动词无人称和数的变化, 情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加 "not"。
个别情态动词有目前式和过去式两种形式, 过去式用来表达愈加客气, 委婉的语气, 时态性不强, 可用于过去，目前或以后。情态动词属非及物动词，故没被动语态。情态动词没非谓语形式，即没不定式，分词，等形式。
He could be here soon.
他非常快就来。
We can t carry the heavy box.
大家搬不动那箱子。
I m sorry I can t help you.
对不起，我帮不上你。
基本助动词与情态助动词最主要有什么区别之一是，基本助动词本身没词义，而情态助动词则有我们的词义，能表示说话人对有关动作或状况的怎么看，或表示主观设想：
What have you been doing since?
I am afraid I must be going.
You may have read some account of the matter.
此外，情态助动词还有如下词法和句法特点：
1) 除ought和used以外，其他情态动词后面只能接不带to的不定式。假如大家把ought to和used to看做是固定词组的话，那样，所有情态动词无一例外地只能接不带to的不定式：
We used to grow beautiful roses.
I asked if he would come and repair my television set.
2) 情态助动词在限定动词词组一直位居第1、
They need not have been punished so severely.
3) 情态助动词用于第三人称单数目前时的时候，没词形变化，即其词尾无-s形式：
She dare not say what she thinks.
4) 情态动词没非限定形式，即没不定式和分词形式，也没相应的动名词：
Still, she needn t have run away.
5) 情态助动词的“时”的形式并非时间不同的主要标志。在不少场所，情态助动词的目前时和过去时形式都可以表示目前、过去或以后时间：
Would you mind very much if I ask you to do something?
She told him he ought not to have done it.
6) 情态助动词之间是相互排斥的，即在一个限定动词词组中只能出现一个情态助动词，但有时却可以与have和be基本助动词连用：
You should have washed the wound.
Well, you shouldn t be reading a novel.
使用方法
第一它是动词，而且不同于行为动词，行为动词表示的是可以通过行为来表达的动作，而情态动词只不过表达的一种想法。
使用方法是：情态动词+行为动词原形
例句：I can read this sentence in English.
我可以用英语读这句话。
情态动词是一种本身有肯定的词义,表示说话人的情绪,态度或语气的动词,但不可以单独作谓语,只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。
We can be there on time tomorrow.
大家明天能按时去那儿。
May I have your name?
我能了解你的名字吗?
Shall we begin now?
大家目前就开始吗?
You must obey the school rules.
你需要遵守校规。
功能
助动词主要有两类：基本助动词和情态助动词。
基本助动词有三个：do, have和be;
情态助动词有十三个：may, might; can, could; will, would; shall, should; must, need, dare, used to, ought to.
上述两类助动词的一同特点是，在帮助主动词构成限定动词词组时，具备用途词的功能：
1) 构成否定式：
He didn t go and neither did she.
The meeting might not start until 5 o clock.
2) 构成疑问式或附加疑问式：
Must you leave right now?
You have been learning French for 5 years, haven t you?
3) 构成修辞倒装：
Nowhere can he obtain any information about his sister.
Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining.
4) 代替限定动词词组：
A: Who can solve this crossword puzzle?
B: Tom can.
A: Shall I write to him?
B: Yes, do.
使用方法要素
can, could
1) 表示能力。
Can you lift this heavy box?
Mary can speak three languages.
Can you skate?
此时可用be able to代替。Can只有一般目前时和一般过去式;而be able to则有更多的时态。
I’ll not be able to come this afternoon.
当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to，不可以用Can。
如：He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain.
2) 表示请求和允许。
Can I go now?
Yes, you can. / No, you can’t.
此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could,might代替，不是过去式，只不过语气更委婉，不可以用于一定句和答语中。
Could I come to see you tomorrow?
Yes, you can.
3) 表示客观可能性。
They’ve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead.
This hall can hold 500 people at least.
4) 表示推断，用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。
Can this be true?
This can’t be done by him.
How can this be true?
特不要说明：
could用来表示请求时，语气委婉，主要用于疑问句，不可以用于一定句，答语应用can。
Could I use your dictionary?
Yes, you can.
此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could,might代替，不是过去式，只不过语气更委婉，不可以用于一定句和答语中。
Could I come to see you tomorrow?
Yes, you can.
can和be able to辨析
can和be able to都可以表示能力，意思上没不同。但can只有目前式和过去式，而be able to则有更多的形式。
如：
I’ve always wanted to able to speak fluent English.
Those bags look really heavy, are you sure you’ll be able to carry them on your own?
但，表示在过去某时的某一场所经过一番努力，终于做成了某事，一般不需要could，而用was/were able to来表示。could：有潜能，但并未做到，这个时候was/were able to等于managed to do或succeed in doing。
如：
After the accident it was a long time before she was able to walk again.
The fire was very big, but most people were able to escape from the building.
I can sing many English songs.
我会唱很多英文歌曲。
We were able to return to our campsite before the heavy rain.
大家在下大雨前设法会到了野营地。
He was able to swim across the river and escaped being caught.
他游到了河对岸，没被抓住。
在否定句中，can/could与be able t几乎没什么差别，两者可以互换。比如：
She wasn’t able to/couldn’t cook French dishes.
她不会做法国菜。
惯用形式“can not …too…”表示“无论如何……也不”。
如：
You cannot be too careful.
你越小心越好。
惯用形式“can not but+ 不定式”表示“不能不，只好”。如：
I can not but admire her determination.
我不能不钦佩你的决心。
may, might
1) 表示请求和允许。might比 may语气更委婉，而不是过去式。否定回答时可用can’t或mustn’t，表示“不能，禁止”。
Might/ May I smoke in this room?
No, you mustn’t.
May/Might I take this book out of the room?
Yes, you can.
用May I...?征徇他们许可时比较正式和客气，而用Can I...?在口语中更容易见到。
2)用于祈使句，表示祝愿。
May you succeed!
3) 表示推断、可能性。
might不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。
1.He may /might be very busy now.
2.Your mother may /might not know the truth.
must, have to
1) 表示需要、必要。
You must come in time.
在回答引出的问句时，若是否定的，不可以用mustn t，而用needn’t, don’t have to.
Must we hand in our exercise books today?
Yes, you must.
No, you don’t have to / you needn’t.
2) must是说话人的主观怎么看， 而have to则强调客观需要。Must只有一般目前时， have to 有更多的时态形式。
1. He play isn’t interesting, I really must go now.
2. I had to work when I was your age.
3) 表示推断、可能性
1. You’re Tom’s good friend, so you must know what he
likes best.
2. Your mother must be waiting for you now.
dare, need
1) dare作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中, 过去式形式为dared。
1. How dare you say I’m unfair?
2. He daren’t speak English before such a crowd, dare he?
3. If we dared not go there that day， we couldn’t get the beautiful flowers.
2) need 作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句。在一定句中一般用must, have to, ought to, should代替。
1.You needn’t come so early.
2. Need I finish the work today?
Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t.
3) dare和 need作实义动词用时， 有人称、时态和数的变化。在一定句中，dare后面常接带to的不定式。在疑问句和否定句中，dare后 面可接带to或不带to的不定式。而need后面只能接带to的不定式。
1. I dare to swim across this river.
2. He doesn’t dare answer.
3. He needs to finish his homework today.
shall, should
1) shall 用于第一人称，征求他们的建议。
What shall we do this evening?
2) shall 用于2、三人称，表示说话人给他们的命令、警告、许诺或威胁。
1. You shall fail if you don’t work hard.
2. He shall have the book when I finish it.
3. He shall be punished.
will, would
1) 表示请求、建议等，would更委婉。
Will / Would you pass me the ball, please?
2) 表示意志、愿望和决心。
1. I will never do that again.
2. They asked him if he would go abroad.
3) would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。would表示过去习惯时比used to正式，且没“现已无此习惯”的意思。
1. During the vacation, he would visit me every other day.
2. The wound would not heal.
4) 表示估计和猜想。
It would be about ten o’clock when she left home.
特不要说明：would与used to辨析
would可用来表示过去反复出现的动作，但不可以表示过去存在的状况，所以大家不可以说：“she would be a quiet girl.”
另外，would强调过去某种特定状况下的活动，是完全过去的事情，同目前没联系。而used to则着眼于过去和目前的对比，隐含目前已没有，动作或状况都可表示。Would可以表示不规则的习惯，used to则不可。
如：
He used to be a naughty boy and cause trouble.
I used to get up at six in the morning.
Sometimes she would take a walk in the neighboring woods.
In those days, whenever I had difficulties, I would go to Mr. Chen for help.
should, ought to
1) should, ought to表示“应该”，ought to表示义务或责任，比should语气重。
1. I should help her because she is in trouble.
2. You ought to take care of the baby.
2) 表示劝告、建议和命令。should, ought to可通用，但在疑问句中常用should。
1. You should / ought to go to class right away.
2. Should I open the window?
3) 表示推断，should , ought to , must。
1.He must be home by now.
2.He ought to/should be home by now.
3. This is where the oil must be.
4. This is where the oil ought to/should be.
情态动词+不定式完成式
1) can / could + have done在一定句中表示“本来可以做而事实上能做某事”，是虚拟语气;在疑问句或否定句中表示对过去行为的怀 疑或不愿定, 表示推断。
1. You could have done better, but you didn’t try your best.
2. He can’t have been to that town.
3. Can he have got the book?
2) may / might +不定式完成式表示对过去行为的推断。不可以用于疑问句中，没虚拟语气的使用方法。Might所表示的可能性比may小。
1. He may not have finished the work .
2. If we had taken the other road, we might have arrived earlier.
3)must +不定式完成式用于一定句中，表示对过去行为的推断。意为“肯定、想来”。其疑问、否定形式用can，can’t代替。参看1) can / could + have done表示推断。
1. You must have seen the film Titanic.
2. He must have been to Shanghai.
4)should +不定式完成式用于一定句中，表示对过去行为的推断。
He should have finished the work by now。
表示“本应该做而事实上没做某事”，其否定式表示某种行为本不该发生却发生了。可以与ought to +不定式完成式互换。
1. You ought to / should have helped him.
2. She shouldn’t have taken away my measuring tape, for I wanted to use it.
5) needn’t +不定式完成式表示“本来不必做而事实上做了某事”。
You needn’t have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain.
6) will +不定式完成式主要用于2、三人称，表示对已完成的动作或局势的推断。
He will have arrived by now.
情态动词表示猜测
一定：must>should>could>may>might
否定：can’t>shouldn’t>couldn’t>may not>
表示需要，命令时，语气由 should、had better最好)、must渐强。
需要学会情态动词表示推断语气时的反意疑问句。
比如：
The road is wet. It must have rained, hasn t it?
The road is wet. It must have rained last night, didn t it?
I met him on his way home. He can’t be in the library now, isn t he?
The coat is too close to the fire. It might get burnt, doesn t it?
以上就是新东方在线大学英语四级语法频道给大伙收拾的“2025年6月英语四级语法：情态动词使用方法”内容，期望可以给大伙备考带来帮助。
