答案:
1. produce fuel 2. four main areas
3. a possible solution 4. look at the oil crisis
5. alternative energy sources 6. fossil fuels
7. harnessing of wind and waves 8. human and animal waste
9. conversion1 of plant material 10. a large agriculture sector2
11. possibility of using 12. in the production of alcohol
13. has fallen dramatically 14. in the last decade
15. dependent on 16. using their sugar
17. relatively3 economical 18. other starchy plants
19. in tropical countries 20. corn and sugar beet4
精析:
考生在迅速预览该篇文章后,特别是在预览主题句后,便对其含义有总体印象,它是关于the competition for land use的短文。同时,考生可对部分填空题目作出大致的判断。如此,考生在听的同时,将预测信息与听到信息有机结合起来,便可作出正确判断。若遇同音词可以参考语义和语法规则进行判断。最后,若有个别词或短语尚未听懂,考生可依据文章上下文的连贯性和平行性,语义的一致性,与语法规则的准确性来猜词悟意,直至篇章健全。
1)由主题句猜测篇章大意也必不可少。该篇文章开头句就提到:Today Im going to consider very briefly5 a problem concemed with the competition for land use,that is,whether crops should be used to produce food or should used to___ and...。由此看出,本文是讲述作者对土地用目的的研究,庄稼是用来生产食物,还是用来生产燃料。文章2、3、第四和第五自然段是对主题的展开论述。由第二自然段的首句In considering the historical background we should ___of the l970s due to the rapid trend in increasing oil prices.,便可知该段是说能源危机的历史情况。由第三自然段的首句Aparticularly interesting possibility for many developing countries has been the__ to alcohol.,便可知该段是说进步中国家借助农业资源的情况。由第四自然段的首句Research is。going on ___,for example,from sugar and there two main economic reasons for this.便可知该段是说农业资源生产的经济缘由的状况。最后一段,由In addition to sugar there are____that can be used to make alcohol,...中的In addition to,考生便可判断出作者又进一步论证除蔗糖以外的状况。学会中心是考生第一重点。
2)预测信息,猜词悟意。考生在对文章有了总体印象后,可在脑海中预测一些信息,同时可依据上下文的连贯性猜词悟意。,如Today Im going to consider very brieflv a problem
concerned with the competition for land use;that is,whether crops should be used to produce food or should be used to ___ ..由句中whether crops should be used to produce food',考生便可猜出这一空格会出现平行的produce一词。当考生听音时会有些放矢,比较容易就会听出这一信息produce fuel。万一考生在听音时没听清fuel'一词,考生可依据下文关于能源的内容,进行猜测。
3)遵循语法,健全句子。当考生对一些音素可能听得不非常了解时,如...and in considering this problem I will look at___:句中的第空格four main areas到底是for还是four,可依据语法常识和语义内容作出正确判断。该句的下半句...the historical background to the problem,the economics involved in the competition for land US,some examples,and__to a potential problem.正好反映了4个主要方面,因此该词
应该是four。若出现如单词是不是加s,加ing之类的状况,考生没听了解,此时,可依据语法的准确性来作出判断。比如In addition to sugar there are __ that can be used to make alcohol,...。句中出现了there are,后面的名词一定是复数形式,那样就不会是plant而是plants指各种各样的植物。再如,Examples of alternative energy sources include such things as solar power,the ___ ,...,在第空格前是定冠词,那样要添的空白一定应该是名词,但harness一词虽可作名词用,但作名词时作马具,系在身上的绳子,甲胄解,没借助产生动力的意思,所以在此应该用动名词的形式harnessing',整个空为 harnessing of wind and waves。
另外,道正觉得,考生应付填空词语的类型特点进行研究,这一部分经研究共有27类型型,请考生可参考道正学校自编《口译证书Spot Dictation》教程。
考生做该部分考试试题的一般原则是:预览全文-学会大意-预测信息-猜词悟意-辨听信息-迅速反应-获得信息-遵循语法-健全全文。
Ⅱ.PartB:Listening Comprehension
该部分由4篇听音对话或听音篇章组成。对话部分的内容题材与平时生活、工作或学习有关。讲话及讲坛的内容涉及科普或社会专题。该部分不只考核考生理解能力,而且还有记忆能力、思维能力。依据所讲方法,有必要先看后听,学会中心议题。通常来讲,对话的提问顺序是与对话本身的定义递进和逻辑进步齐头并进的。每篇有5个选择题,共20道题组成。需要考生从四个选择项中选出最贴近听音原文的答案。现从历届考试试题中选出一篇对话加以精析。